EventTarget：addEventListener() 方法

addEventListener(type, listener)
addEventListener(type, listener, options)
addEventListener(type, listener, useCapture)

function handleEvent(event) {
  if (event.type === "fullscreenchange") {
    /* handle a full screen toggle */
  } else {
    /* handle a full screen toggle error */
  }
}

my_element.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
  console.log(this.className); // logs the className of my_element
  console.log(e.currentTarget === this); // logs `true`
});

my_element.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
  console.log(this.className); // WARNING: `this` is not `my_element`
  console.log(e.currentTarget === this); // logs `false`
});

<table id="my_table" onclick="console.log(this.id);">
  <!-- `this` refers to the table; logs 'my_table' -->
  …
</table>

<script>
  function logID() {
    console.log(this.id);
  }
</script>
<table id="my_table" onclick="logID();">
  <!-- when called, `this` will refer to the global object -->
  …
</table>

class Something {
  name = "Something Good";
  constructor(element) {
    // bind causes a fixed `this` context to be assigned to `onclick2`
    this.onclick2 = this.onclick2.bind(this);
    element.addEventListener("click", this.onclick1);
    element.addEventListener("click", this.onclick2); // Trick
  }
  onclick1(event) {
    console.log(this.name); // undefined, as `this` is the element
  }
  onclick2(event) {
    console.log(this.name); // 'Something Good', as `this` is bound to the Something instance
  }
}

const s = new Something(document.body);

class Something {
  name = "Something Good";
  constructor(element) {
    // Note that the listeners in this case are `this`, not this.handleEvent
    element.addEventListener("click", this);
    element.addEventListener("dblclick", this);
  }
  handleEvent(event) {
    console.log(this.name); // 'Something Good', as this is bound to newly created object
    switch (event.type) {
      case "click":
        // some code here…
        break;
      case "dblclick":
        // some code here…
        break;
    }
  }
}

const s = new Something(document.body);

class SomeClass {
  name = "Something Good";

  register() {
    window.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
      this.someMethod(e);
    });
  }

  someMethod(e) {
    console.log(this.name);
    switch (e.code) {
      case "ArrowUp":
        // some code here…
        break;
      case "ArrowDown":
        // some code here…
        break;
    }
  }
}

const myObject = new SomeClass();
myObject.register();

const myButton = document.getElementById("my-button-id");
let someString = "Data";

myButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
  console.log(someString);
  // 'Data' on first click,
  // 'Data Again' on second click

  someString = "Data Again";
});

console.log(someString); // Expected Value: 'Data' (will never output 'Data Again')

const elems = document.getElementsByTagName("*");

// Case 1
for (const elem of elems) {
  elem.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
    // Do something
  });
}

// Case 2
function processEvent(e) {
  // Do something
}

for (const elem of elems) {
  elem.addEventListener("click", processEvent);
}

<table id="outside">
  <tr>
    <td id="t1">one</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td id="t2">two</td>
  </tr>
</table>

// Function to change the content of t2
function modifyText() {
  const t2 = document.getElementById("t2");
  const isNodeThree = t2.firstChild.nodeValue === "three";
  t2.firstChild.nodeValue = isNodeThree ? "two" : "three";
}

// Add event listener to table
const el = document.getElementById("outside");
el.addEventListener("click", modifyText);

<table id="outside">
  <tr>
    <td id="t1">one</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td id="t2">two</td>
  </tr>
</table>

// Add an abortable event listener to table
const controller = new AbortController();
const el = document.getElementById("outside");
el.addEventListener("click", modifyText, { signal: controller.signal });

// Function to change the content of t2
function modifyText() {
  const t2 = document.getElementById("t2");
  if (t2.firstChild.nodeValue === "three") {
    t2.firstChild.nodeValue = "two";
  } else {
    t2.firstChild.nodeValue = "three";
    controller.abort(); // remove listener after value reaches "three"
  }
}

<table id="outside">
  <tr>
    <td id="t1">one</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td id="t2">two</td>
  </tr>
</table>

// Function to change the content of t2
function modifyText(newText) {
  const t2 = document.getElementById("t2");
  t2.firstChild.nodeValue = newText;
}

// Function to add event listener to table
const el = document.getElementById("outside");
el.addEventListener("click", function () {
  modifyText("four");
});

<table id="outside">
  <tr>
    <td id="t1">one</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td id="t2">two</td>
  </tr>
</table>

// Function to change the content of t2
function modifyText(newText) {
  const t2 = document.getElementById("t2");
  t2.firstChild.nodeValue = newText;
}

// Add event listener to table with an arrow function
const el = document.getElementById("outside");
el.addEventListener("click", () => {
  modifyText("four");
});

<div class="outer">
  outer, once & none-once
  <div class="middle" target="_blank">
    middle, capture & none-capture
    <a class="inner1" href="https://www.mozilla.org" target="_blank">
      inner1, passive & preventDefault(which is not allowed)
    </a>
    <a class="inner2" href="https://mdn.club.tw/" target="_blank">
      inner2, none-passive & preventDefault(not open new page)
    </a>
  </div>
</div>
<hr />
<button class="clear-button">Clear logs</button>
<section class="demo-logs"></section>

.outer,
.middle,
.inner1,
.inner2 {
  display: block;
  width: 520px;
  padding: 15px;
  margin: 15px;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.outer {
  border: 1px solid red;
  color: red;
}
.middle {
  border: 1px solid green;
  color: green;
  width: 460px;
}
.inner1,
.inner2 {
  border: 1px solid purple;
  color: purple;
  width: 400px;
}

.demo-logs {
  width: 530px;
  height: 16rem;
  background-color: #dddddd;
  overflow-x: auto;
  padding: 1rem;
}

const clearBtn = document.querySelector(".clear-button");
const demoLogs = document.querySelector(".demo-logs");

function log(msg) {
  demoLogs.innerText += `${msg}\n`;
}

clearBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  demoLogs.innerText = "";
});

const outer = document.querySelector(".outer");
const middle = document.querySelector(".middle");
const inner1 = document.querySelector(".inner1");
const inner2 = document.querySelector(".inner2");

const capture = {
  capture: true,
};
const noneCapture = {
  capture: false,
};
const once = {
  once: true,
};
const noneOnce = {
  once: false,
};
const passive = {
  passive: true,
};
const nonePassive = {
  passive: false,
};

outer.addEventListener("click", onceHandler, once);
outer.addEventListener("click", noneOnceHandler, noneOnce);
middle.addEventListener("click", captureHandler, capture);
middle.addEventListener("click", noneCaptureHandler, noneCapture);
inner1.addEventListener("click", passiveHandler, passive);
inner2.addEventListener("click", nonePassiveHandler, nonePassive);

function onceHandler(event) {
  log("outer, once");
}
function noneOnceHandler(event) {
  log("outer, none-once, default\n");
}
function captureHandler(event) {
  // event.stopImmediatePropagation();
  log("middle, capture");
}
function noneCaptureHandler(event) {
  log("middle, none-capture, default");
}
function passiveHandler(event) {
  // Unable to preventDefault inside passive event listener invocation.
  event.preventDefault();
  log("inner1, passive, open new page");
}
function nonePassiveHandler(event) {
  event.preventDefault();
  // event.stopPropagation();
  log("inner2, none-passive, default, not open new page");
}

<button id="example-button">You have not clicked this button.</button>
<button id="reset-button">Click this button to reset the first button.</button>

const buttonToBeClicked = document.getElementById("example-button");

const resetButton = document.getElementById("reset-button");

// the text that the button is initialized with
const initialText = buttonToBeClicked.textContent;

// the text that the button contains after being clicked
const clickedText = "You have clicked this button.";

// we hoist the event listener callback function
// to prevent having duplicate listeners attached
function eventListener() {
  buttonToBeClicked.textContent = clickedText;
}

function addListener() {
  buttonToBeClicked.addEventListener("click", eventListener, {
    passive: true,
    once: true,
  });
}

// when the reset button is clicked, the example button is reset,
// and allowed to have its state updated again
resetButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
  buttonToBeClicked.textContent = initialText;
  addListener();
});

addListener();

<div id="container">
  <p>
    But down there it would be dark now, and not the lovely lighted aquarium she
    imagined it to be during the daylight hours, eddying with schools of tiny,
    delicate animals floating and dancing slowly to their own serene currents
    and creating the look of a living painting. That was wrong, in any case. The
    ocean was different from an aquarium, which was an artificial environment.
    The ocean was a world. And a world is not art. Dorothy thought about the
    living things that moved in that world: large, ruthless and hungry. Like us
    up here.
  </p>
</div>

<div>
  <input type="checkbox" id="passive" name="passive" checked />
  <label for="passive">passive</label>
</div>

#container {
  width: 150px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: scroll;
  margin: 2rem 0;
  padding: 0.4rem;
  border: 1px solid black;
}

const passive = document.querySelector("#passive");
const container = document.querySelector("#container");

passive.addEventListener("change", (event) => {
  container.removeEventListener("wheel", wheelHandler);
  container.addEventListener("wheel", wheelHandler, {
    passive: passive.checked,
    once: true,
  });
});

container.addEventListener("wheel", wheelHandler, {
  passive: true,
  once: true,
});

function wheelHandler() {
  function isPrime(n) {
    for (let c = 2; c <= Math.sqrt(n); ++c) {
      if (n % c === 0) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  const quota = 1000000;
  const primes = [];
  const maximum = 1000000;

  while (primes.length < quota) {
    const candidate = Math.floor(Math.random() * (maximum + 1));
    if (isPrime(candidate)) {
      primes.push(candidate);
    }
  }

  console.log(primes);
}